Выбор оптимального варианта отфрахтования судна и составление проекта чартера

the cargo. Such discharging shall be deemed to be due fulfilment of the contract or contracts of  affreightment and Owners shall be entitled to freight as if discharging had been effected at  the port or ports originally nominated or to which the vessel may have been properly ordered under the provisions of this Charter or Bills of Lading issued pursuant to this  Charter. All extra expenses involved in reaching and discharging the cargo at any  such other discharging port shall

be paid by Charterers and Owners shall have a lien on the cargofor freight and all such extra expenses.   

 

Данная статья одинакова  во всех проформах чартеров , которые  я рассматриваю,

Но я считаю, что  эта статья наиболее полно и приемлемо  отражает права судовладельца

В проформе ФИНАВОЙ.

 

 

7, Oil Pollution             

Owners agree to participate in Charterers' programme covering Oil Pollution Avoidance. Such programme prohibits discharge overboard of all oily water, oily     ballast or oil in any from of a persistent nature, except under extreme circumstances whereby the safety of the vessel, cargo or life

at sea would be imperiled.   Upon notice being given to Owners that Oil Pollution Avoidance controls are required, Owners will instruct the master to retain on board the vessel all oily residues  from consolidated tank washings, dirty ballast, etc.. . in one compartment, after separation of all  possible water has taken place. All

water separated shall be discharged overboard. The master shall then notify Charterers through Owners by radio of the estimated tonnage of oily residues retained.  If Charterers require that demulsifiers shall be used for the    

separation of oil/water, such demulsifiers shall be paid for by Charterers.                                             

The oil residues be pumped ashore at the loading or discharging    terminal, either as segregated oil, dirty ballast or co-mingled with cargo as it is     

possible for Charterers to arrange,

If it is necessary to retain the residues on board co-mingled with    

or segregated from the cargo to be loaded. Charterers shall pay for any deadweight so incurred.  Should it be determined that the residues are to be co-mingled or    

segregated on board, the master

shall:                                                                                             

(a)   arrange that the quantity of tank washings be measured in conjunction with cargo suppliers

(b)   make a note of the quantity measured in the vessel's ullage   record

(c)   issue a slop certificate                                                               

(d)   arrange that the slop certificate and/or the vessel's ullage record be duly signed by cargo suppliers  and sent to Charterers.

 

Эта стать встречается  во многих проформах чартеров, но более полные условия,

 требования и обязанности  описаны в статья чартера ФИНАВОЙ.

 Относительно стаей  взятых из STB VOY и ИНТЕРТАНКЕР ВОЙ здесь отражены требования,

по моему мнению, более  выгодные для Судовладельца.

 

8. NOTICE OF READINESS. 

Upon arrival at customary anchorage at each port of loading or discharge, the Master os his agent shall give the Charterer or his agent notice by letter, telegraph, wireless or telephone that the Vessel is ready to load or discharge cargo, berth or no berth, and laytime, as hereinafter provided, shall commence upon the expiration of six(6) hours after receipt of such notice, or upon the Vessels arrival in berth(i.e., finished mooring when at a sealoading or discharging terminal and all fast when loading or discharging alongside a wharf), whichever first occurs. However, where delay is caused to Vessel getting into berth after giving notice of readines for any reason over which Charterers has no control, such delay shall  not count as used laytime. In addition, time proceeding to berth after the expiration of six(6) hours free time shall not count as used laytime.

Статья стандартна во всех рассматриваемых чартерах, но в проформе MOBILVOY наиболее точно и  полно оговариваются сроки подачи нотиса, чем в чартерах VEGOILVOY, ASBATANKVOY. Капитан или агент судна должны подать нотис во избежание простоев.

 

 

9.Suspension of laytime.                   

 

Unless the vessel is already 00 demurrage, time during which of laytime       loading or discharging is prevented by reason of local law or regulations shall not count as laytime.  Weather  From the moment that notice of readiness is given as provided for in clause …. hereof and until  the vessel is on demurrage, half the time during which reaching   berth or loading or discharging is prevented by weather conditions shall count as laytime.

 

Я решил включить данную статью  в свой чартер, так как  она расширяет 

Возможности относительно использования сталийного времени.

 В других проформах  чартеров ранее я эту статью  не встречал.

 

10. LAYTIMЕ

The running hours specified in Part I shall be allowed Charterers for the loading and discharging or the cargo and other Charterers purposes connected therewith. If Charterers, suppliers, consignees or the regulations of the port authorities prohibit loading or discharging at night, time so lost shall count as laytime.

Charterers shall have the right to load and discharge at all times, including night, provided that they shall pay for all extra expenses incurred ashore.

Laytime shall count until the hoses have been disconnected or until Charterers or their agents have fulfilled their obligation to produce any necessary documents, whichever is the later.

Time lost by any of the following causes shall not count for laytime or for demmurrage even if the vessel is already on demmurrage:

(a) Waiting for pilot or tugs, or while moving from anchorage to pace of loading or discharging;

(b) cleaning of tanks, discharging of ballast water, residues or washings;

© stoppages on the vessels orders or breakdown or inefficiency or the vessel, or negligence or default on the part of Owners or their servants or agents or a strike of the crew.

 

Статья является комбинацией  двух проформ (SHELLVOY, INTERTANKVOY) с целью  создания наиболее выгодных условий  для судовладельца. В часности, в SHELLVOY оговаривается, что фрахтователи вправе производить погрузку и выгрузку в любое время, при условии, что они оплачивают все дополнительные расходы. Если порт запрещает погрузку в ночное время, то время, потерянное таким образом, засчитывается в сталию.

 

11.Ice on voyage  

.If on passage to the nominated discharging port the masterfinds that port is inaccessible owing to ice, he shall immediately request Charterers by radio for revised  orders and remain outside the area of ice-bound water.  Upon receipt of such  request   Charterers shall give orders for the vessel

to proceed to an alternative ice-free and accessible port where there  are facilities for receiving the cargo in bulk. In this event, freight shall be paid at the rate     

applicable under this Charter to such alternative discharging port and any period by which the time taken  to reach such alternative port exceeds the time which would have been taken had the vessel   proceeded thither direct from the loading port shall be paid for by Charterers at the rate of per running day and pro rata for part of a running day, plus cost  of bunkers consumed during such excess time at contract price at the actual discharging port.

 

Эта статья в проформе чартера ФИНАВОЙ, в отличии от статей

проформ СТБ ВОЙ и  ВЕГОИЛ ВОЙ, статья разделена на несколько частей

и наиболее полно отражает права Судовладельца.

 

12.Ice at discharging   

If on or after the vessel's arrival at a nominated discharging  port                           port there is a danger of the vessel being frozen in, the master shall proceed to the nearest safe and ice-free  position and at the same time request Charterers by radio for revised orders.  Immediately upon receipt of such request Charterers shall give   

orders for the vessel either to proceed to an alternative ice-free and accessible port where there is no danger of the vessel being frozen in and where there are facilities for receiving the cargo in  bulk or to return to and discharge at the nominated port,                                                                   

If the vessel is ordered to proceed to an alternative port, the sum    in respect of freight and delay to be paid by Charterers shall be as laid down in clause 21 hereof,    

but if the vessel discharges at the nominated port, then the whole of the time occupied from the time   the master's request for revised orders has been received by Charterers until shore hoses are   disconnected after completion of discharge

shall count as laytime or if the vessel  is on demurrage,   for  demurrage. Any damage to the vessel by reason or her returning to a port in which there is a danger of her  being frozen in shall be for  Charterers' account and any delay caused thereby shall count as  laytime or if the vessel is on demurrage, for demurrage.                                                              

 

Продолжение статьи оговаривающей  ледовую обстановку.

Эта статья в проформе чартера ФИНАВОЙ, в отличии от статей

проформ СТБ ВОЙ и  ВЕГОИЛ ВОЙ, статья разделена на несколько  частей

и наиболее полно отражает права Судовладельца.

 

13. LOADING AND DISCHARGING

(a) The cargo shall be loaded into the vessel at the expense of and at the risk and peril of Charterers as far as the vessels permanent hose connections only, and shall be pumped out of the vessel at the expence of and at the risk and peril of the vessel as far as the vessels permanent hose connections only. Hoses for loading and discharging shall be furnished by Charterers and shall be connected and disconnected by Charterers or, at the option of Charterers, by Owners at Charterers risk and expense. The vessel shall provide her pumps and the necessary motive pover for discharging in all ports where regulations so permit, as well as the necessary personnel, but if shore regulations do not permit fire on board and steam necessary for discharging purposes, Charterers shall supply such steam at their expense.

(b) Overtime: Loading and discharging may be carried out at any time on any day of the year, Charterers paying all extra expenses, including overtime, incurred ashore only.

 

В статье оговариваются  условия оплаты погрузки и выгрузки (погрузка - за счет фрахтователей; выгрузка - за счет судна). Статья взята из проформы INTERTANKVOY, так как именно здесь присутствуют некоторые условия в пользу судовладельца: если для выгрузки необходим пар, то фрахтователи обязаны обеспечить пар за свой счет.

 

14.Assignment

Subject to the approval of Owner, the Charterer shall have the option of subletting or assigning this Charter to any individual or company, but the Charterer shall always remain responsible for the due fulfilment of this Charter in all its terms and conditions

 

В некоторых рассмотренных  чартерах это условие не оговорено. Поэтому было  взято из чартера  “VEGOILVOY” и включено в данный чартер, так как предоставляет  Фрахтователю право сдавать зафрахтованное судно в аренду ,но при этом он остаётся ответственным за выполнение всех условий настоящего Чартера.

Данная статья соблюдает  интересы обеих сторон.

 

15.Liberty Clause

(a)In any situation whatsoever and wheresoever occurring and whether existing or anticipated before commencement of or during the voyage, which in the judgement of the Owner or Master is likely to give rise to risk of capture, seizure, detention, damage, delay or disadvantage to or loss of the Vessel or any part of her cargo, or to make it insafe, imprudent, or unlawful for any reason to commence or proceed on or continue the voyage or to enter or discharge the cargo at the port of discharge, or to give rise to delay or difficulty in arriving, discharging at or leaving the port of discharge of the usual place of discharge in such port, the Owner may before loading or before the commencement of the voyage, require the shipper or other person entitled thereto to take delivery of the cargo at port of shipment and upon their failure to do so, may warehouse the cargo at the risk and expense of the cargo; or the Vessel may proceed or return, directly or indirectly, to or stop at any such port or place whatsoever as the Master or the Owner may consider safe or advisable under the circumstances and discharge the cargo, or any part thereof, at any such port or place; or the Owner or the Master may retain the cargo on board until the return trip or until such time as the Owner or the Master thinks advisable and discharge the cargo at any place whatsoever as herein provided or the Owner or the Master may discharge and forward the cargo by any means at the risk and expense of the cargo. The Owner may, when practicable, have the Vessel call and discharge the cargo at another or substitute port declared or requested by the Charterer. For any service rendered to the cargo as herein provided the Owner shall be entitled to a reasonable extra compensation

 

 

Эта статья  взята из проформы “VEGOILVOY”, так как здесь она защищает интересы Судовладельца.

Согласно данной статье  ,Судно  имеет  право отклониться  от курса с какой-либо разумной целью: пополнение бункера, помощь судам, терпящим бедствие, их буксировка. Также оно имеет  право  плавать как  с  лоцманом так и без него. Соответствует интересам Cудовладельца.

 

16.Quarantine              

. Time lost at any port due to quarantine shall not count as laytime or for demurrage unless such quarantine was in force at the time when such port was     

nominated by Charterers.

 

Статья идентична во всех чартерах.

 

17,Shallow draft    

If in accordance with any clause of this Charter, Charterers port(s)   order the vessel to a discharging port which owing to insufficient depth of water cannot accommodate    the vessel with the quantity of cargo on board Charterers undertake to discharge sufficient cargo   into vessels or lighters to enable

the vessel to reach and lie always afloat at such discharging port.     

Charterers further undertake that, in the case of the vessel being ordered to discharge at more than    one port, sufficient cargo will be discharged at previous port or ports to enable the vessel to reach and lie always afloat at the subsequent port or ports.  

      

Статья. Которая встречается  не во всех проформах чартеров. Взята из ФИНАВОЙ, так как здесь более расширены возможности для действий судовладельца, нежели в других проформах.                                                               

 

18. DEMURRAGE

(a) Charterer shall pay demurrage per running hour and pro-rata for a part thereof at the rate specified im Part I for all time that loading and discharging ant used laytime as elsewhere herein provided exceeds the allowed laytime elsewhere herein specified. If, however, demurrage shall be incurred at ports of loading and/or discharge by reason of fire, explosion, storm, or by strike, picketing, lockout, stroppage or restraint of labor or other labor difficulties or disturbances, or by breakdown of machinery or equipment in or about the plant of Charterer, supplier, shipper or consignee of the cargo, the rate of demurrage shall be reduced one-half of the amount stated in Part I per running hour or pro-rata for part of an hour for demurrage so incurred. The Charterer shall not be liable for any demurrage for delay caused by strike, lockout, stoppage or restraint of labor or Master, officers any crew of the vessel or tugboat or pilots.

(b) Dispatch. No dispatch money shall be payable under this Charter-Party.

 

Статья взята из проформы чартера MOBILVOY. В статье указываются  случаи, когда Фрахтователь оплачивает демередж ( если время погрузки/выгрузки и использованного сталийного времени превышают разрешенное сталийное время) и когда он платит лишь 0.5 ставки демереджа  ( забастовка, авария в порту, поломка оборудования), а также случаи освобождения Фрахтователя от уплаты демереджа( забастовка, ограничение работы со стороны капитана и команды судна).В проформах STBVOY, VEGOILVOY и др. не указаны размеры ставки демереджа в зависимости от случая.

Диспач по настоящему чартеру не начисляется и не уплачивается

 

19. Lightening at sea     

Subject to the provisions of clauses …. and ….hereof,  Charterers shall have the right ofrequiring the vessel to lighten at sea, at their expense, provided    

Owners have been given reasonable notice in advance.                                                                          

If Charterers elect to so order the vessel, they agree to provide all  extra appropriate equipment and to reimburse Owners at the rate of US dollars......     

per running day and pro rata for part of a running day in respect of any deviation and/or delay which may be incurred as a consequence of proceeding to and from the lightening place  and in addition Charterers shall pay for any extra bunkers consumed at contract price at the final discharging port.

Time from when the vessel arrives at the lightening place until lightening is completed shall count as laytime or if the vessel is on demurrage, for demurrage.      

 

Эта статья не является важной, но её условия должны осуществляться в случаи лихтеровки на море. В проформах где она присутствует эта статья и

идентична и взята  из ФИНАВОЙ.

 

 

20. CLAUSE PARAMOUNT. THIS BILL OF LADING SHALL HAVE EFFECT SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE CARRIAGE OF GOODS BY SEA ACT OF THE UNITED STATES, APPROVED APRIL 16, 1936, EXCEPT  THAT IF THIS BILLOF LADING IS ISSUED AT A PLACE WHERE ANY OTHER ACT, ORDINANCE OR LEGISLATION GIVES STATUTORY EFFECT TO THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE UNDICATION OF CERTAIN RULES RELATING TO BILLS OF LADING AT BRUSSELS, AUGUST 1924,/THEN THIS BILL OF LADING SHALL HAVE EFFECT, SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF SUCH ACT, ORDINANCE OR LEGISLATION. THE APPLICABLE ACT, ORDINANCE OR LEGISLATION (HEREINAFTER CALLED THE "ACT") SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE INCORPORATED HEREIN AND NOTHING HEREIN CONTAINED SHALL BE DEEMED A SURRENDER BY THE OWNER OF ANY OF ITS REGHTS OR IMMUNITIES OR AN INCREASE OF ANY OF ITS RESPONSIBILITIES OR LIABILITIES UNDER THE ACT. IF ANY TERMS OF THIS BILL OF LADING BE REPUGNANT TO THE ACT TO ANY EXTENT, SUCH TERMS SHALL BE VOID TO THAT EXTENT BUT NO FURTHER.

 

Только в проформе ASBATANKVOY , откуда  и взята приведенная статья, оговаривается, что если какое-либо из условий настоящего коносамента противоречит закону в какой-либо степени, такое условие должно считаться ничтожным, но лишь в такой же степени и не более.

 

21. Arbitration

Any and all differences and disputes of whatsoever nature arising out of this Charter shall be put to arbitration in the City of London pursuant to the laws relating to arbitration there in force, before a board of three persons, consisting of one arbitrator to be appointed by the Owner, one by the Charterer, and one by the two so chosen. The decision of any two of the three on any points shall be final.

 

Данная статья имеет  схожий смысл во всех рассмотренных чартерах. Здесь взята из проформы “ASBATANKVOY”.